Likely referred to as "Jesus of Nazareth" in his lifetime. Jews of that time only had a first name, perhaps followed by the phrase "son of [their father's name]", or, as in Jesus’ case, the individual's hometown. He was also known as "the carpenter's son" or "Joseph's son." He may have also been known as "Jesus, son of Joseph from Nazareth." In Hebrew, his name would have been “Yeshua,” the Hebrew form of Joshua.
The modern Jesus comes from the Latin Iesus, which is from the Greek “Iēsoûs.” His name means, “YHVH is salvation.”
Jesus is the Christ, with Christ being a title or office as He is the Messiah. His life, death, and resurrection was prophesied from Adam’s day until His birth.
Jesus taught followers that the true kingdom was not an earthly government, but an internal state of being (Luke 17:21).
He lived the exemplar life; He was and is the Torah lived. His teachings were not replacing the Torah, but to clarify its original meaning and purpose. Beyond teaching mankind the Torah, Jesus came to earth to give the greatest of gifts, the atonement.
After His final teachings, given at the Last Supper, Jesus goes to the garden Gethsemane, where He prays and takes upon himself the sins of the world. He is then tried by the Sanhedrin, Herod, and Pilate. Though he is not found guilty, the people chose to free Barabbas, a false Christ, rather than Jesus. Jesus is then beaten and taunted before made to carry His cross to Calvary or Golgotha for crucifixion. Above His head, on the cross, is the inscription, “Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews.” At the end, Jesus gives up the ghost, ending his own life, as no human had the power to take his life. Three days later, the atonement is completed as He returns in His true, perfected form as the God that He is. Jesus first appears to Mary and other women, but the men do not believe them until they see Him with their own eyes. After this, Jesus goes to other sheep, including those in the Book of Mormon, teaching them the Torah as he had the Jews.
In the spring of 1820, Jesus returned as predicted in the Book of Acts, coming back down from the Heavens to the young prophet, Joseph Smith Jr. This set the stage for His second coming, when he will come in glory to make the earth a paradise, returning the creation to Eden once again.
See Matthew, Mark, Luke, John; Acts 1; 3 Nephi 4-14 RAV, 8-30 OPV; Avahr 5.